Science is based on transparency, experimental design and peer review process. It is one of a normal practice used by independent researchers to double check their findings and research work. Scientific theory is mostly empirical and it can be changed or modified in the light of present work. Here no theory is considered as strictly certain for forever.

There are certain theories which require complete reconceptualization like theory of relativity. Through various domain of science, there is gradual synthesis of information. Theories are subjected to the process of testing and verification, for instance heliocentric theory, the theory of evolution and germ theory are still considered only factual information. In science mathematics is very essential in each and every step. The various application of mathematics which is used in science is calculus, trigonometry, geometry, algebra and arithmetic.

In science for summarizing and analyzing the data statistical methods are used. Now a days computational science is extensively used for a better understanding the scientific problems as it applied computational power to stimulate the real-world situation and phenomenon, which mathematical science alone cannot achieve. Scientific hypothesis or theory in order to get accepted by the scientific community must be capable of being independently tested and verified by different scientists.